Obstetrics and Gynaecology · Jaipur Hospital
Women's Health and Infections in Jaipur
Unusual discharge or pelvic pain? We assess, explain and give you a clear plan.
- Serving Jaipur since 1991 (35 years)
- NABH accredited
- 24×7 emergency & ICU
- Cashless: RGHS, MAA Yojana, CGHS + 22 insurers
- Consultation time
- 15 to 30 minutes
- Anaesthesia
- Not needed
- Recovery
- Immediate
- Price
- ₹800 to ₹2,500typical range in India; ask us for an estimate
Infections and screening worries
You notice discharge, pain or it is time for a check-up
Symptoms can be mild or come and go. Many women delay because they feel embarrassed or think it will pass. Untreated infections can spread and affect fertility.
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Unusual discharge or odour
A change in colour, smell or amount often signals an infection that needs a swab test.
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Lower abdominal or pelvic pain
Dull ache or deep pain during sex can mean the infection has moved upward.
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Irregular bleeding or itching
Spotting between periods or persistent itching may point to cervical or vaginal infection.
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No symptoms but due for screening
Many infections and early cervical changes cause no signs. Regular Pap or HPV tests catch them early.
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Worry about cost or privacy
You want clear pricing, cashless options and a respectful consultation without judgment.
Pelvic inflammatory disease is usually caused by sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia and gonorrhoea, and can also come from normal vaginal bacteria.
Why Jaipur Hospital
You worry the pain will not go away, that treatment will be expensive, or that you will be judged for your symptoms.
Your care plan
Your first steps with us
- 1 Call or visit OPD for a gynaecology appointment
- 2 Consultation, examination and swabs or scans as needed
- 3 Receive a plain explanation and a written cost estimate
- 4 Start treatment and attend follow-up visits
How assessment and treatment work
A 15 to 30 minute OPD visit includes history, examination and any tests. No anaesthesia or admission is needed. Your surgeon will discuss which tests suit you.
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Pelvic Examination & Swab Culture
Identifies bacterial, fungal or parasitic causes so antibiotics can be targeted.
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Pap Smear / Liquid Based Cytology
Screens for cervical cancer and detects high-risk HPV types.
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Colposcopy with Biopsy
Magnified view of the cervix when a smear is abnormal; a tiny sample may be taken.
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Transvaginal Ultrasound
Checks uterus, ovaries and adnexa for abscesses, cysts or other changes.
Why patients trust us
- 1991 Serving Jaipur for 35 years
- NABH Accredited hospital
- 3 Obstetrics and Gynaecology consultants
- 24×7 Emergency, ICU and ambulance
- 25 Cashless schemes and insurers
What studies show about early care
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1 in 8
Women with a history of PID had difficulty getting pregnant in long-term follow-up studies.
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Up to 1 in 10
Received a diagnosis of infertility after PID in research cohorts.
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39%
Of symptomatic women in India sought any advice or treatment in national survey data.
If it is left untreated
If left untreated, infection can spread to the uterus and fallopian tubes, causing scarring that may lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy or long-term pelvic pain.
Life after treatment
Most women feel relief once the infection clears and return to normal routine without ongoing worry.
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Symptoms settle
Discharge, pain and itching usually stop after the prescribed course of medicine.
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Screening up to date
Pap or HPV results give clarity; if abnormal, a clear next step is agreed.
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Fertility protected
Early treatment lowers the risk of tubal damage that can affect future pregnancy.
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Confidence in your health
You know what to watch for and when to return for routine checks.
Frequently asked questions
Questions patients ask about women's health and infections
Which problems are assessed under women's health and infections?
In short
Jaipur Hospital offers comprehensive care for gynaecological infections and routine women's health screening. The service covers pelvic inflammatory disease, sexually transmitted infections, bacterial vaginosis, vaginal yeast infections, cervical infections, and urinary tract infections. Routine screening includes cervical cancer screening with Pap smear or liquid based cytology, HPV testing, and breast examination. The team also assesses menstrual disorders, abnormal vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, and fertility related infections. Consultation takes 15 to 30 minutes in an outpatient setting.
In detail
Evidence shows pelvic inflammatory disease is usually caused by sexually transmitted organisms such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, but endogenous vaginal flora including anaerobes and Mycoplasma genitalium are also frequently involved. Studies indicate bacterial vaginosis is commonly present in women with pelvic inflammatory disease.
Cervical cancer screening with Pap smear and HPV testing detects precancerous changes early. Transvaginal ultrasound assesses the uterus, ovaries, and adnexa for structural causes of pain or bleeding. Colposcopy with biopsy provides a magnified view of the cervix when screening results are abnormal. These techniques together identify infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions affecting women's reproductive health.
A common belief
Many women think screening is only for cancer, but infections like chlamydia or bacterial vaginosis often have no symptoms and can cause long term damage if missed.
What actually happens
Routine swabs and ultrasound catch these early.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
Your first visit includes a detailed history, pelvic examination, and relevant swabs or imaging based on your symptoms. Results from cultures and cytology usually return within a few days. The surgeon will explain findings and discuss a care plan at a follow up. Early diagnosis of infections reduces the risk of long term complications such as infertility or chronic pelvic pain.
How will the doctor decide which tests I need?
In short
The doctor at Jaipur Hospital selects tests based on your symptoms, examination findings, sexual history, and risk factors. A pelvic examination checks for cervical motion tenderness, uterine tenderness, and adnexal tenderness. Swabs for culture identify bacterial, fungal, or parasitic causes. Pap smear or liquid based cytology screens for cervical cancer and HPV. Transvaginal ultrasound assesses the uterus, ovaries, and adnexa. Blood tests may include inflammatory markers, pregnancy test, and HIV or syphilis screening as indicated.
In detail
Evidence shows the positive predictive value of a clinical diagnosis depends on the population. The CDC recommends maintaining a low threshold for diagnosis. Minimum criteria are cervical motion tenderness, uterine tenderness, or adnexal tenderness.
Additional findings such as mucopurulent cervical discharge, white blood cells on wet prep, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C reactive protein, and imaging showing thickened fluid filled tubes increase specificity. Laparoscopy provides a more accurate diagnosis but is not routinely needed. The doctor uses these criteria to decide which swabs, imaging, or blood tests are appropriate for your situation.
A common belief
There is no single perfect test for pelvic inflammatory disease.
What actually happens
The CDC says diagnosis relies on combining examination findings because no one finding is both sensitive and specific. The doctor selects tests to build a complete picture.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
Tests are done during or shortly after your consultation. Swab and cytology results usually take a few days. Ultrasound results are available the same day. The surgeon will review all results and discuss the care plan with you. If an infection is confirmed, treatment can start promptly.
How soon should I expect improvement after the chosen treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease?
In short
At Jaipur Hospital, clinical improvement such as reduced fever, less abdominal tenderness, and less pelvic pain is usually seen within three days of starting appropriate antibiotic therapy. Full resolution of the infection takes the complete 14-day course. You should not stop the medicine early even if you feel better.
In detail
Guidelines from the CDC state that women should demonstrate clinical improvement, including defervescence and reduction in uterine, adnexal, and cervical motion tenderness, within 72 hours of therapy initiation. The recommended regimens provide broad-spectrum coverage against gonorrhoea, chlamydia, and anaerobic bacteria.
Oral and intravenous routes have similar bioavailability for doxycycline and metronidazole. If you are on oral treatment and symptoms do not improve within three days, you should be re-evaluated for possible intravenous therapy or an alternative diagnosis.
Completing the full 14 days is essential because symptoms often improve before the infection is fully cleared from the upper genital tract.
A common belief
A common mistake is stopping antibiotics once the pain eases.
What actually happens
Evidence shows the infection can still be present in the fallopian tubes even when symptoms fade. Stopping early raises the risk of recurrence and long-term damage such as scarring and infertility.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
Take all antibiotics exactly as prescribed for the full 14 days. Avoid sexual intercourse until you and your partner have finished treatment and symptoms have resolved. Return for a follow-up visit a few days after starting medication so your gynaecologist can check progress.
When does a fever need testing or hospital assessment during pelvic inflammatory disease?
In short
A fever above 38 degrees Celsius during pelvic inflammatory disease treatment at Jaipur Hospital needs prompt medical review. High fever, chills, or rigors suggest the infection may not be controlled or an abscess could be forming. Go to the emergency department if fever persists after 48 hours of antibiotics or if you feel faint, vomit, or have severe abdominal pain.
In detail
Guidelines recommend clinical improvement within three days, including defervescence. Fever that continues or spikes indicates possible treatment failure, resistant organisms, or a tubo-ovarian abscess.
Blood tests such as CRP and white cell count, plus a repeat ultrasound, help decide if intravenous antibiotics or drainage are needed. Sepsis is a medical emergency requiring immediate hospital care.
A common belief
Some people wait for a very high fever or try to manage it at home with paracetamol.
What actually happens
Masking fever can delay detection of an abscess or sepsis. Early hospital assessment prevents serious complications.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
Check your temperature twice daily while on treatment. If it reaches 38 degrees Celsius or higher, call the hospital or attend the emergency department. Bring your current medication list. Do not take over-the-counter fever reducers without asking the doctor, as they can mask symptoms.
How can I decide whether to seek advice about vaginal discharge and infection?
In short
Seek advice if your vaginal discharge changes in colour, smell, or amount, or if you have itching, burning, pain during sex, or lower abdominal pain. At Jaipur Hospital, a gynaecologist can examine you, take a swab for culture, and identify whether the cause is bacterial, fungal, or parasitic. Normal discharge varies through the menstrual cycle, but sudden changes usually signal an infection that needs treatment.
In detail
Evidence shows that many women with pelvic inflammatory disease have subtle or nonspecific symptoms, and episodes often go unrecognised. Bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis each produce distinct discharge patterns, but overlap occurs. A pelvic examination with swab culture identifies the organism.
The CDC advises maintaining a low threshold for evaluating pelvic pain and discharge because early diagnosis prevents long-term sequelae like infertility. Self-medication with over-the-counter antifungals may delay correct treatment if the cause is bacterial.
A common belief
Many women try home remedies or pharmacy creams first.
What actually happens
This can mask symptoms and delay the right treatment, especially if the infection is bacterial rather than fungal. Early proper diagnosis prevents complications later.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
If you notice any change from your usual pattern, book a consultation at Jaipur Hospital. The visit takes 15 to 30 minutes. The doctor will ask about your symptoms, perform a pelvic examination, and may collect a swab.
Results are usually available in 48 to 72 hours. Treatment can start immediately if clinical signs are clear. Do not wait for symptoms to worsen.
How could a gynaecological infection or its treatment affect future pregnancy?
In short
A gynaecological infection like pelvic inflammatory disease can cause scarring in the fallopian tubes, which may make it harder to get pregnant or increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Early and complete treatment at Jaipur Hospital reduces this risk. Most antibiotic regimens used for these infections are safe if you become pregnant later, but always tell your doctor if you are planning a pregnancy or think you might be pregnant.
In detail
Evidence shows that pelvic inflammatory disease can lead to tubal factor infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. The infection causes scar tissue inside the fallopian tubes, blocking the egg's path.
Studies report that about 1 in 8 women with PID have difficulty conceiving, and up to 1 in 10 may be diagnosed with infertility. Prompt antibiotic treatment limits damage. The medicines themselves do not cause infertility. If you have had PID, your gynaecologist may suggest a tubal patency test when you are ready to conceive.
A common belief
A common fear is that strong antibiotics harm fertility.
What actually happens
In fact, it is the untreated infection that damages the tubes. Stopping medicine early because you feel better leaves bacteria behind and increases scarring risk.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
If you have had an infection and are planning a pregnancy, discuss it at your next consultation at Jaipur Hospital. The doctor can review your history, arrange any needed tests, and advise on timing. If you are currently being treated, finish the full course. Do not stop medicines early.
Which symptoms should prompt me to see a specialist?
In short
You should see a specialist at Jaipur Hospital if you notice lower abdominal or pelvic pain, unusual vaginal discharge with odour or colour change, pain during intercourse, irregular bleeding or spotting between periods, burning on urination, or persistent pelvic discomfort. Symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease are often subtle or nonspecific, and some women have no symptoms at all. Early evaluation helps identify infections before they cause complications.
In detail
Evidence indicates women with pelvic inflammatory disease often have subtle or nonspecific symptoms or are asymptomatic. Common symptoms include lower abdominal pain, unusual vaginal discharge, and deep pelvic pain during sex. The pain may feel tender, sore, or like a dull ache.
Sexually transmitted organisms such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae are frequent causes, but endogenous vaginal flora including anaerobes and Mycoplasma genitalium are also implicated. Bacterial vaginosis is frequently present in women with pelvic inflammatory disease.
Because symptoms overlap with other conditions, a specialist assessment with pelvic examination, swab culture, and transvaginal ultrasound helps identify the exact cause.
A common belief
Pelvic inflammatory disease often has mild or no symptoms, so waiting for severe pain can mean the infection has already spread.
What actually happens
Even subtle discomfort deserves evaluation.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
If you experience any of these symptoms, schedule a consultation within a few days. The appointment takes 15 to 30 minutes and includes a pelvic examination and relevant swabs. Results guide targeted treatment. Delaying care increases the risk of tubal damage, infertility, or chronic pelvic pain.
How will the results change my care plan?
In short
Test results at Jaipur Hospital guide the specific antibiotics, duration of treatment, and whether outpatient or inpatient care is needed. A positive swab culture identifies the organism and its antibiotic sensitivity. Pap smear or HPV results determine if colposcopy with biopsy is needed. Ultrasound findings such as thickened tubes or abscesses may require intravenous antibiotics or surgical drainage. The care plan is tailored to the confirmed diagnosis and severity.
In detail
Evidence shows pelvic inflammatory disease treatment regimens must provide broad spectrum coverage against likely pathogens including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, anaerobes, and Mycoplasma genitalium. The CDC recommends regimens effective against gonorrhoea and chlamydia because negative screening does not rule out upper tract infection.
Addition of metronidazole improves anaerobic eradication. If culture shows quinolone resistant gonorrhoea, the regimen changes. Positive HPV or abnormal cytology leads to colposcopy. Tubo-ovarian abscess on ultrasound requires more than 24 hours inpatient observation and intravenous therapy. Results directly shape the choice of drugs, route of administration, and need for hospitalisation.
A common belief
Some patients think one antibiotic treats everything, but pelvic inflammatory disease is polymicrobial.
What actually happens
The CDC says regimens must cover gonorrhoea, chlamydia, and anaerobes. Resistant organisms or abscesses change the plan completely.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
Once results are available, usually within a few days, the surgeon will explain what they mean and adjust your treatment. You may need a follow up visit to confirm improvement. Completing the full course of antibiotics is essential even if symptoms improve early.
What should I do if symptoms persist or worsen during treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease?
In short
If pain, fever, or discharge does not improve within three days of starting antibiotics at Jaipur Hospital, contact the gynaecology team immediately. You may need a repeat examination, blood tests, or an ultrasound to check for an abscess. Do not wait for the next scheduled appointment if you feel worse.
In detail
Evidence indicates that lack of clinical improvement by 72 hours requires re-evaluation to confirm the diagnosis. The doctor may switch from oral to intravenous antibiotics or add anaerobic coverage. If an abscess is found, image-guided drainage is often the next step. Persistent symptoms can also mean a resistant organism or a different condition such as appendicitis or ectopic pregnancy.
A common belief
Some patients wait too long, hoping the medicine will catch up.
What actually happens
Delaying re-assessment increases the risk of tubal damage and infertility. Early escalation of care prevents long-term complications.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
Go to the emergency department if you develop high fever, severe abdominal pain, vomiting, or fainting. These suggest a possible ruptured abscess or sepsis. Bring your medicine list and any recent test reports.
Which tests are useful at different stages of pelvic inflammatory disease?
In short
At Jaipur Hospital, the initial assessment for pelvic inflammatory disease includes a pelvic examination, swab cultures for gonorrhoea, chlamydia, and other organisms, a urine pregnancy test, and blood tests such as complete blood count and C-reactive protein. Transvaginal ultrasound is used if an abscess is suspected. Later, repeat swabs and ultrasound may check treatment response.
In detail
Guidelines state that no single test is both sensitive and specific for pelvic inflammatory disease. Diagnosis is clinical, supported by minimum criteria: cervical motion tenderness, uterine tenderness, or adnexal tenderness. Swab cultures (NAAT for gonorrhoea and chlamydia) identify the causative organisms.
A wet preparation detects bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis. Blood tests show inflammatory response. Transvaginal ultrasound or MRI can demonstrate thickened, fluid-filled tubes or a tubo-ovarian complex. Laparoscopy is reserved for diagnostic uncertainty or when surgery is contemplated.
After treatment starts, repeat examination at 72 hours assesses clinical improvement. Repeat imaging is used if an abscess was found. HIV and syphilis screening are recommended for all women diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease.
A common belief
Many people expect one definitive test like a scan or blood test to confirm pelvic inflammatory disease.
What actually happens
In reality, diagnosis is clinical, based on examination findings. Tests support the diagnosis and guide antibiotic choice, but no single test rules it in or out.
Your next step at Jaipur Hospital
Expect a pelvic examination, swabs, urine pregnancy test, and blood tests at your first visit. Ultrasound may be done the same day. Return in three days for a repeat examination. If an abscess was seen, a follow-up scan is scheduled.
FAQ library
Questions and answers about women's health and infections
When you contact us
Get a clear plan today
Contact Jaipur Hospital for an OPD consultation with a gynaecologist, in-house tests if needed, and a cost estimate before you decide.
- A consultation with a gynaecologist in the OPD
- Your scans and reports reviewed, with tests done in-house if you need them (laboratory, X-ray and imaging)
- Your options explained in plain words, including whether you need surgery at all
- A cost estimate before you decide
- Help with cashless treatment under RGHS, MAA Yojana, CGHS and empanelled insurers and TPAs
- Follow-up visits after your treatment
Overview
Women's Health and Infections: what to know
What women's health infections are and how they happen
- Bacteria enter vagina STI or disturbed vaginal balance
- Cervical barrier disrupted Infection or procedure reduces protection
- Bacteria reach upper organs Uterus, tubes, or ovaries affected
Women's health infections include a range of conditions that affect the reproductive organs. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is one of the most common infections in women of reproductive age. It occurs when bacteria spread from the vagina and cervix into the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries.
This upward spread can happen after a sexually transmitted infection or when the normal balance of bacteria in the vagina is disturbed.
In many cases the infection is polymicrobic, meaning several types of bacteria are present at the same time. Common sexually transmitted organisms such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are frequently involved. Bacteria that normally live in the vagina, including anaerobes and Gardnerella vaginalis, can also take part.
Mycoplasma genitalium has been identified more recently as a cause of cervicitis and PID, especially when gonorrhoea and chlamydia are not found.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are very common and often cause no symptoms. Most clear on their own, but some high-risk types can lead to cervical cell changes that need monitoring.
The cervix usually acts as a barrier that stops bacteria from moving higher. Any infection or procedure that disrupts the cervix can reduce this protection and allow bacteria to ascend.
Symptoms and warning signs that need urgent care the same day
- Severe lower abdominal or pelvic pain
- High fever
- Nausea and vomiting preventing fluids
- Fainting, dizziness, or signs of shock
- Heavy vaginal bleeding not your period
Many women with PID have mild symptoms or none at all. When symptoms occur, they often include pain in the lower abdomen or pelvis. The pain may feel like a dull ache, tenderness, or soreness. Some women notice unusual vaginal discharge.
Pain deep in the pelvis during sex can also be a sign.
Because symptoms can be subtle, episodes often go unrecognised.
Seek medical care the same day if you have:
- Severe lower abdominal or pelvic pain
- High fever
- Nausea and vomiting that prevent you from keeping fluids down
- Fainting, dizziness, or signs of shock
- Heavy vaginal bleeding that is not your period
These features may indicate a tubo-ovarian abscess or severe infection that needs hospital assessment.
Causes and who is at higher risk
- 11% Women reporting RTI symptoms
- 39% Symptomatic women seeking care
Sexually transmitted infections are the most common cause of PID. Gonorrhoea and chlamydia account for a large proportion of cases. These bacteria are passed during unprotected sex.
Bacteria that normally live in the vagina can also cause PID when they travel upward. This is less common but can happen, especially if the cervical barrier is disrupted.
Risk factors that increase the chance of PID include:
- Being sexually active and under 25 years old
- Having a new sex partner or multiple partners
- Not using condoms consistently
- A previous STI or PID
- Having bacterial vaginosis
- Douching, which can disturb vaginal flora and is linked to bacterial vaginosis
Subclinical PID, where there are no obvious symptoms, is common among women with lower genital tract infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhoea, or bacterial vaginosis. It can still lead to long-term complications.
In India, about 11% of ever sexually active women aged 15 to 49 report symptoms of reproductive tract infections, but only about 39% of those with symptoms seek any advice or treatment. Treatment-seeking is lower among younger women, those with less education, and those in lower wealth groups.
How women's health infections are diagnosed: examination and tests
- Pelvic examination Check cervical, uterine, adnexal tenderness
- Cervical and vaginal swabs Test for gonorrhoea, chlamydia, trichomonas, BV
- Blood tests and pregnancy test Check infection signs, rule out ectopic pregnancy
- Transvaginal ultrasound Shows thickened tubes, fluid, or abscess
There is no single test that confirms PID. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical findings.
At Jaipur Hospital, the gynaecologist usually starts with a pelvic examination to check for cervical motion tenderness, uterine tenderness, or adnexal tenderness. These are the minimum clinical criteria used to suspect PID.
A swab is taken from the cervix and vagina to test for:
- Gonorrhoea
- Chlamydia
- Trichomonas
- Bacterial vaginosis
Blood tests may be done to check for signs of infection. A pregnancy test is often performed to rule out ectopic pregnancy.
Transvaginal ultrasound can show thickened, fluid-filled tubes, free pelvic fluid, or a tubo-ovarian complex. It is available in-house at Jaipur Hospital.
For cervical cancer screening, a Pap smear or liquid-based cytology sample is taken from the cervix. An HPV test may be done at the same time.
If the diagnosis is unclear, laparoscopy may be considered for a direct view of the fallopian tubes, though it is not routinely needed.
All women diagnosed with PID should be tested for HIV and syphilis as well.
Treatment options without surgery and when surgery is advised
- Oral antibiotics 14-day course with injection plus tablets
- Review at 72 hours Switch to IV antibiotics if no improvement
- Surgery Rare, only if abscess persists or symptoms continue
Antibiotics are the main treatment for PID.
Regimens are chosen to cover the likely range of bacteria, including:
- Gonorrhoea
- Chlamydia
- Anaerobes
- Other vaginal flora
For mild to moderate PID, oral antibiotics are usually prescribed for 14 days. A typical course includes an injection plus tablets. It is important to complete the full course even if symptoms improve early.
Metronidazole is often added to cover anaerobic bacteria, which are frequently present in the upper genital tract.
You should avoid sexual intercourse until you and your partner have finished treatment and symptoms have resolved.
Your gynaecologist may ask you to return after a few days to check that the treatment is working.
If there is no improvement within 72 hours, or if you have a tubo-ovarian abscess, severe illness, or cannot tolerate oral medication, hospital admission for intravenous antibiotics may be needed.
Surgery is rare. It may be considered if an abscess does not resolve with antibiotics or if symptoms persist despite adequate medical treatment.
Early treatment reduces the risk of long-term complications such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain.
Screening and treating chlamydia and gonorrhoea in sexually active women lowers the risk of developing PID.
Consultation at Jaipur Hospital takes 15 to 30 minutes and is done as an outpatient visit. The typical price range is ₹800 to ₹2,500. Anaesthesia is not needed and recovery is immediate.
Your first visit and tests for women's health and infections
At Jaipur Hospital your first visit for women's health and infections usually takes 15 to 30 minutes. You do not need anaesthesia and you go home the same day. Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, menstrual history, sexual activity, contraception, and any previous infections or treatments.
Bring any earlier test reports, a list of medicines you take, and your insurance or scheme card if you have one. A pelvic examination is usually done to check the vulva, vagina, and cervix.
Swabs may be taken from the cervix and vagina to identify:
- Bacterial
- Fungal
- Parasitic causes
A Pap smear or liquid-based cytology sample may be collected for cervical cancer screening and HPV detection. If the smear is abnormal, your doctor may advise a colposcopy with biopsy for a magnified view of the cervix. A transvaginal ultrasound may be used to assess the uterus, ovaries, and adnexa. Blood tests, a pregnancy test, or other investigations may be ordered depending on your symptoms.
How treatment works for women's health and infections
Treatment depends on the infection found. For pelvic inflammatory disease, antibiotics are prescribed to cover the likely pathogens.
Guidelines recommend broad-spectrum regimens effective against:
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Anaerobes
- Other organisms commonly recovered from the upper genital tract
Your doctor will choose an oral or injectable regimen based on severity. Oral antibiotics are typically taken for 14 days. It is important to complete the full course even if you feel better. A follow-up visit is usually scheduled a few days after starting treatment to check that it is working.
If symptoms do not improve within 72 hours, you may be reassessed and switched to intravenous antibiotics. For bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis, specific antimicrobial courses are given. If an abscess forms or symptoms persist after antibiotics, your surgeon may discuss drainage or surgical options.
You should avoid sexual intercourse until treatment is complete, symptoms have resolved, and your partner has been treated. Condoms are advised after treatment to prevent reinfection. All contraceptive methods can be continued during treatment.
Partners should be tested and treated for:
- Gonorrhoea
- Chlamydia
- HIV
- Syphilis
Risks and possible complications of women's health and infections
- about 1 in 8 women Difficulty getting pregnant
- up to 1 in 10 women Infertility diagnosis
Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause long-term damage to the reproductive organs if not treated early. The infection can cause scar tissue to form inside the fallopian tubes. This scarring makes it harder for an egg to travel from the ovary to the uterus, and sperm may not be able to fertilise it.
In studies, about 1 in 8 women who had PID had difficulty getting pregnant, and up to 1 in 10 were diagnosed with infertility. Ectopic pregnancy, where the pregnancy grows outside the womb, is a known complication. Chronic pelvic pain can persist after the infection clears.
Abscesses filled with pus may form in the fallopian tubes or ovaries and may need hospital admission or drainage. Even mild or asymptomatic PID can lead to long-term sequelae such as infertility. Delay in diagnosis and treatment probably contributes to these complications.
Anaerobic bacteria recovered from the upper genital tract have been shown in laboratory studies to cause tubal and epithelial destruction. Bacterial vaginosis is often present among women with PID and is associated with increased risk. Mycoplasma genitalium infection has been linked to higher rates of treatment failure, recurrent PID, and chronic pelvic pain in one large study. Recurrent PID is common; having PID once does not protect you from getting it again.
Recovery and aftercare for women's health and infections
- Finish 14-day course Day 14
- Follow-up visit A few days after starting
Most women are treated as outpatients and resume normal activities immediately. Symptoms often improve before the infection is fully cleared. Clinical improvement such as reduction in abdominal tenderness and fever is usually seen within three days of starting antibiotics. You must finish the full 14-day course of antibiotics even if you feel well.
A follow-up visit is typically arranged a few days after starting treatment to confirm the response. Avoid sexual intercourse until you and your partner have completed treatment and symptoms have resolved. Use condoms consistently after treatment to reduce the risk of reinfection.
If you develop worsening pain, high fever, heavy vaginal bleeding, or feel unwell, contact Jaipur Hospital or attend the 24×7 emergency department. If an abscess was drained or surgery was needed, your surgeon will give specific wound care and activity instructions. Regular cervical screening with Pap smear or HPV testing should continue as advised by your doctor. If you have a family history of certain cancers, your doctor may discuss genetic testing.
Results of treatment for women's health and infections
Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to reducing the risk of long-term complications such as infertility. In studies, prompt antibiotic treatment can heal the infection. However, treatment cannot reverse damage that has already occurred to the reproductive organs.
Fertility outcomes improve with early treatment; historical data show pregnancy rates increased from about 28% in the pre-antibiotic era to over 70% after antibiotics became available. Even with treatment, rates of recurrent PID, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility remain significant in some groups.
Women with Mycoplasma genitalium at baseline had higher rates of short-term treatment failure, recurrent PID, and chronic pelvic pain in one large trial. Subclinical PID, which has no obvious symptoms, is as common as symptomatic PID and accounts for a greater share of long-term sequelae.
Screening and treating sexually active women for chlamydia and gonorrhoea reduces their risk of developing PID. Regular cervical screening detects precancerous changes early and helps prevent cervical cancer. HPV vaccination is recommended routinely from age 11 or 12 years and up to age 26 years, with shared decision-making for adults aged 27 to 45 years.
Hepatitis B vaccination is advised for all sexually active people with more than one partner or those being evaluated for an STI.
Cost and insurance for women's health and infections in Jaipur
The typical price range for a consultation and basic tests at Jaipur Hospital is ₹800 to ₹2,500. The final cost depends on the number and type of tests needed, whether imaging such as transvaginal ultrasound is done, and if procedures like colposcopy or biopsy are required. Medicines and follow-up visits are additional. Jaipur Hospital is a NABH-accredited multispeciality hospital established in February 1991.
It accepts:
- RGHS
- MAA Yojana
- CGHS
- A panel of private insurers and TPAs
The hospital has:
- 24×7 emergency department
- In-house pharmacy
- In-house diagnostic laboratory and imaging
- Modular operation theatres
For an estimate specific to your case, ask at the hospital.